Egypt vs. Mozambique: A Comparative Analysis of Two African Nations

Introduction

Egypt and Mozambique, two countries separated by the vast expanse of the African continent, share a rich history and cultural heritage. Yet, they also exhibit striking differences in their socio-economic development. This article presents a comprehensive comparison of these two nations, exploring their demographics, economies, infrastructure, and healthcare systems.

Population and Demographics

Egypt

• Population: 104.2 million (2022)
• Median age: 25 years
• Life expectancy: 73 years
• Literacy rate: 79%

Mozambique

• Population: 32 million (2022)
• Median age: 19 years
• Life expectancy: 62 years
• Literacy rate: 52%

Comparison

Egypt has a significantly larger population than Mozambique, with over three times the number of inhabitants. The median age in both countries is relatively young, but Mozambique has a slightly younger population. Egypt has a higher life expectancy and literacy rate, indicating better health and educational outcomes.

Economy

Egypt

• GDP (nominal): $434.1 billion (2022)
• GDP per capita: $4,167
• GDP growth: 3.4% (2022)
• Inflation rate: 22.1% (2023)

Mozambique

• GDP (nominal): $15.5 billion (2022)
• GDP per capita: $486
• GDP growth: 4.3% (2022)
• Inflation rate: 12.9% (2023)

Comparison

Egypt has a much larger economy than Mozambique, with a GDP that is almost 30 times greater. However, Mozambique has experienced faster economic growth in recent years. Both countries are facing high inflation rates, which have eroded purchasing power and stifled economic development.

Infrastructure

Egypt

• Road network: 112,125 km
• Rail network: 4,931 km
• Airport hubs: Cairo International Airport
• Energy production: 133.6 billion kWh (2021)

Mozambique

• Road network: 30,000 km
• Rail network: 2,857 km
• Airport hubs: Maputo International Airport
• Energy production: 7.4 billion kWh (2021)

Comparison

Egypt has a much more extensive infrastructure network than Mozambique, with a larger road network, rail network, and energy production capacity. This superior infrastructure supports economic growth and improves access to essential services.

Healthcare

Egypt

• Doctors per 1,000 population: 2.3
• Hospitals per million population: 16.4
• Health expenditure per capita: $192 (2021)
• Infant mortality rate: 23 per 1,000 live births

Mozambique

• Doctors per 1,000 population: 0.5
• Hospitals per million population: 3.3
• Health expenditure per capita: $50 (2021)
• Infant mortality rate: 47 per 1,000 live births

Comparison

Egypt has a better healthcare system than Mozambique, with more doctors, hospitals, and higher health expenditure per capita. This has led to lower infant mortality rates and improved overall health outcomes.

Why This Matters

The differences between Egypt and Mozambique highlight the challenges faced by many African nations in their pursuit of development. Egypt's larger population, stronger economy, and advanced infrastructure provide a solid foundation for economic growth and social progress. However, Mozambique's faster economic growth and younger population offer potential for future development.

Benefits of a Comparative Analysis

Understanding the similarities and differences between Egypt and Mozambique provides several benefits:

• Informs policy decisions by identifying areas for improvement
• Fosters collaboration and knowledge sharing
• Promotes cultural exchange and understanding
• Encourages investment and business opportunities

Stories and Lessons

Story 1: Education for All

Egypt's higher literacy rate is a testament to the importance of investing in education. Access to quality education empowers individuals, promotes economic growth, and reduces poverty.

Story 2: The Power of Infrastructure

Egypt's extensive infrastructure network facilitates trade, improves mobility, and provides access to essential services. Investing in infrastructure is crucial for unlocking economic potential and enhancing quality of life.

Story 3: Healthcare for the People

Egypt's better healthcare system demonstrates the transformative power of investing in health. Access to quality healthcare improves health outcomes, reduces infant mortality, and increases life expectancy.

Call to Action

Egypt and Mozambique have unique challenges and opportunities. By learning from each other and working together, these nations can accelerate their development, improve the lives of their citizens, and contribute to the prosperity of Africa.