Understanding the Significance of 85mm: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction

In the realm of photography, the focal length of a lens plays a crucial role in determining the perspective, depth of field, and overall aesthetic of an image. Among the various focal lengths available, 85mm stands out as a versatile and popular choice, offering a range of benefits for photographers of all levels. This article delves into the world of 85mm lenses, exploring their capabilities, applications, and how they can enhance your photographic journey.

What Does 85mm in Inches Represent?

Understanding the concept of focal length is essential before delving into the specifics of 85mm lenses. Focal length is the distance between the optical center of a lens and the image sensor when the lens is focused at infinity. It is typically measured in millimeters (mm). In the case of an 85mm lens, this distance is approximately 3.35 inches or 85 millimeters.

Advantages of 85mm Lenses

1. Portrait Photography:

85mm lenses are renowned for their flattering perspective when it comes to portrait photography. The focal length provides a slightly compressed effect, which helps to enhance facial features while minimizing distortion. This compression also allows for a shallower depth of field, creating beautiful background blur (bokeh) that isolates the subject and draws focus to their eyes.

2. Wedding and Event Photography:

Due to their ability to capture intimate moments and flattering portraits in a variety of lighting conditions, 85mm lenses are a favorite among wedding and event photographers. The fast aperture and shallow depth of field enable photographers to capture sharp images even in dimly lit environments, while the moderate telephoto focal length provides a discreet distance from the subject.

3. Street Photography:

85mm lenses offer a unique perspective for street photography, allowing photographers to capture candid moments from a slightly detached vantage point. The focal length provides a balance between capturing enough of the scene without feeling intrusive, and the shallow depth of field helps to isolate subjects from the background clutter.

Drawbacks of 85mm Lenses

While 85mm lenses offer numerous advantages, there are certain limitations to consider:

1. Limited Field of View:

Compared to wider focal lengths, 85mm lenses have a narrower field of view, making them less suitable for capturing expansive landscapes or group shots.

2. Can Be Less Versatile:

85mm lenses are primarily suited for specific applications, such as portraiture or street photography. They may not be as versatile as shorter or longer focal lengths, which can be used for a wider range of subjects and environments.

3. Not Ideal for Close-Up Shots:

Due to their longer focal length, 85mm lenses are not the best choice for capturing extreme close-ups or macro shots.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

1. Using Too Shallow of a Depth of Field:

While the shallow depth of field produced by 85mm lenses can be visually appealing, it's important to avoid using excessively narrow apertures. This can lead to parts of the subject being out of focus and compromise the overall sharpness of the image.

2. Not Considering the Background:

The shallow depth of field of 85mm lenses can make it easy to overlook the background. Pay attention to the elements in the background to ensure they complement or enhance the subject, rather than distracting from it.

3. Ignoring Aperture:

The aperture of an 85mm lens plays a significant role in controlling the depth of field and overall exposure. Experiment with different apertures to find the ideal balance between sharpness and background blur.

Why 85mm Lenses Matter

1. Enhance Storytelling:

The compressed perspective of 85mm lenses allows photographers to capture intimate and compelling portraits that tell a story through the subject's expressions and surroundings.

2. Elevate Image Quality:

The fast aperture and shallow depth of field of 85mm lenses enable photographers to isolate their subjects and create stunning images with minimal distractions.

3. Add Value to Your Photography:

85mm lenses are highly valued by professional photographers as they provide a unique and versatile perspective that can elevate the quality and impact of their work.

Applications of 85mm Lenses

1. Portrait Photography:

Capturing portraits of people, couples, and families.

2. Wedding Photography:

Documenting special moments and capturing romantic portraits at weddings and other events.

3. Street Photography:

Capturing candid moments and street scenes from a discreet distance.

4. Product Photography:

Photographing products, showcasing details, and creating lifestyle shots.

Stories and What We Learn

Story 1:

Photographer: Annie Leibovitz
Subject: Demi Moore
Lens: Nikon 85mm f/1.4

In her iconic portrait of Demi Moore, Annie Leibovitz used an 85mm lens to capture an intimate moment of vulnerability. The shallow depth of field isolates Moore from her surroundings, drawing the viewer's attention to her facial expression and the emotion conveyed in her eyes.

Lesson: An 85mm lens can create striking portraits that reveal the inner emotions of the subject.

Story 2:

Photographer: Henri Cartier-Bresson
Subject: Children Playing
Lens: Leica 85mm f/2

In this candid street photograph, Henri Cartier-Bresson captured children playing in the streets of Paris. The 85mm focal length allowed him to maintain a discreet distance while still capturing the joy and interaction of the subjects.

Lesson: An 85mm lens can be used to capture intimate and candid moments without interrupting the scene.

Story 3:

Photographer: Richard Avedon
Subject: Marilyn Monroe
Lens: Hasselblad 80mm f/2.8 (similar to 85mm)

Richard Avedon used an 85mm lens to create a series of iconic portraits of Marilyn Monroe. By focusing on her facial expressions and capturing her in close-up, the 85mm lens allowed him to portray her vulnerability and raw emotion.

Lesson: An 85mm lens can be used to create intimate and emotionally charged portraits of famous personalities.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

1. Choosing the Wrong Aperture:

Selecting an excessively shallow aperture (e.g., f/1.2) can result in parts of the subject being out of focus.

2. Overly Blurred Background:

Excessive background blur can make the subject appear detached from their surroundings.

3. Unbalanced Composition:

Neglecting the background or forefront elements can lead to an unbalanced composition that detracts from the subject.

Benefits of Using 85mm Lenses

1. Flattering Perspective:

The compressed perspective enhances facial features and minimizes distortion, making it ideal for portraiture.

2. Shallow Depth of Field:

The aperture allows for beautiful background blur, isolating the subject and drawing focus to their eyes.

3. Moderate Telephoto Effect:

Provides a slightly detached perspective, enabling candid shots without intruding on the subject.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What is the ideal aperture to use with an 85mm lens for portraits?

For most portraits, an aperture between f/1.8 and f/2.8 is recommended to balance background blur and sharpness.

2. What is the difference between an 85mm lens and a 50mm lens?

An 85mm lens offers a slightly tighter perspective and shallower depth of field compared to a 50mm lens.

3. Can I use an 85mm lens for candid street photography?

Yes, 85mm lenses are suitable for candid street photography, as they provide a discreet distance while still capturing intimate moments.

4. What is the best way to compose images with an 85mm lens?

Pay attention to the background and foreground elements to create balanced and visually appealing compositions.

5. How do I avoid overexposing images when using an 85mm lens with a wide aperture?

Use a fast shutter speed or an ND filter to compensate for the increased light reaching the sensor.

6. What are some of the most popular 85mm lenses?

• Canon EF 85mm f/1.2L II USM
• Nikon Nikkor Z 85mm f/1.8 S
• Sony FE 85mm f/1.4 GM