Feeding Medicated Feed to Adult Chickens: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction

Medicated feed is a powerful tool in the poultry industry, used to prevent and control a wide range of diseases that can affect adult chickens. By understanding the proper use and administration of medicated feed, poultry farmers can ensure the health and well-being of their flocks, maximizing productivity and profitability.

Benefits of Feeding Medicated Feed

• Disease Prevention: Medicated feed contains antibiotics or other active ingredients that help prevent specific diseases, such as coccidiosis, salmonellosis, and Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG).
• Growth Promotion: Some medicated feeds contain growth promoters, which aid in feed efficiency and promote weight gain, ultimately improving production.
• Improved Feed Efficiency: Medicated feed may improve feed efficiency by reducing the incidence of subclinical diseases and parasites that can affect nutrient absorption.
• Reduced Mortality: By preventing or controlling diseases, medicated feed can significantly reduce mortality rates, minimizing economic losses.

Types of Medicated Feed

There are various types of medicated feed available, each containing different active ingredients to target specific diseases. The most common types include:

• Anticoccidials: These prevent coccidiosis, a parasitic disease that damages the intestinal lining.
• Antibiotics: These combat bacterial infections, such as salmonellosis and respiratory infections.
• Antiparasitics: These control internal and external parasites, such as mites and worms.
• Growth Promoters: These enhance growth and feed efficiency, such as antibiotics used in subtherapeutic doses.

Dosage and Administration

The dosage and administration of medicated feed must be followed precisely as directed by a veterinarian or feed manufacturer. Incorrect use can lead to problems such as drug resistance or toxicity.

• Dosage: The amount of medication in the feed is determined based on the weight of the birds and the disease being targeted.
• Administration: Medicated feed is typically mixed into the regular feed and offered to the birds on a daily basis, or for a specific period as directed.

Withdrawal Period

After stopping medicated feed, a "withdrawal period" is observed to ensure that the drug residue has cleared from the birds' tissues. This period varies depending on the medication used, ranging from several days to several months. During this time, eggs and meat from treated birds should not be consumed for human use.

Precautions and Safety

• Follow Instructions: Always follow the manufacturer's instructions regarding dosage, administration, and withdrawal periods.
• Protect Workers: Wear protective gear when handling medicated feed to avoid contact with skin or eyes.
• Dispose Safely: Empty feed bags and any leftover medicated feed should be disposed of properly to prevent contamination.
• Consult Veterinarian: Seek advice from a veterinarian before using medicated feed, especially if birds exhibit symptoms of disease.

Pros and Cons of Feeding Medicated Feed

Pros:

• Effective in preventing and controlling diseases
• Improves growth and feed efficiency
• Reduces mortality rates

Cons:

• Can lead to drug resistance if overused
• May produce drug residues in eggs and meat
• Can be expensive compared to non-medicated feed

Tips and Tricks

• Monitor Flock Health: Regularly observe birds for signs of disease and consult a veterinarian promptly if necessary.
• Use Feed from Reputable Suppliers: Ensure that medicated feed is sourced from reputable and reliable manufacturers.
• Store Feed Properly: Keep medicated feed in a cool, dry place to maintain its potency.
• Clean and Disinfect Feeders: Regularly clean and disinfect feeders to prevent contamination and disease spread.
• Avoid Exposure: If handling medicated feed, avoid exposing birds to the dust or fumes.

How to Feed Medicated Feed to Adult Chickens

Step 1: Determine the Need

Consult with a veterinarian to identify the specific disease or condition that requires medicated feed.

Step 2: Choose the Right Feed

Select a medicated feed that contains the appropriate active ingredient for the targeted disease.

Step 3: Calculate the Dosage

Calculate the correct dosage based on the weight of the birds and the manufacturer's recommendations.

Step 4: Mix the Feed

Mix the medicated feed thoroughly with the regular feed, ensuring uniformity.

Step 5: Withdraw the Feed

Observe the specified withdrawal period after stopping medicated feed to ensure drug residues have cleared.

Tables

Table 1: Common Medicated Feed Ingredients and Their Uses

Table 2: Withdrawal Periods for Common Medicated Ingredients

Table 3: Recommended Dosage of Medicated Feed for Adult Chickens

Conclusion

Proper use of medicated feed is crucial in poultry production to prevent and control diseases, improve productivity, and ensure the welfare of adult chickens. By understanding the benefits, types, dosage, and precautions associated with medicated feed, poultry farmers can optimize flock health and profitability. It is essential to consult with a veterinarian and follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully to ensure the safe and effective administration of medicated feed. By adhering to best practices, poultry farmers can contribute to a healthy and sustainable industry.