The Marina Barrage Field: A Comprehensive Guide to Singapore's Water Security

Introduction

The Marina Barrage is a remarkable feat of engineering that has transformed Singapore's water landscape. Completed in 2008, it is a massive dam across the mouth of the Marina Channel, connecting Singapore's Downtown Core to Gardens by the Bay. As a key component of the Singapore Water Master Plan, the Marina Barrage serves multiple purposes, including flood control, water storage, and recreation.

Water Storage and Security

The Marina Barrage impounds the Kallang River and Singapore River, creating a freshwater reservoir known as the Marina Reservoir. This reservoir has a storage capacity of approximately 15 million cubic meters, which is about 10% of Singapore's total water demand. By collecting and storing rainwater, the Marina Barrage supplements Singapore's water supply and enhances its water security.

Flood Control

Prior to the construction of the Marina Barrage, the low-lying areas of Singapore were prone to flooding during heavy rainfall. The barrage plays a crucial role in mitigating flood risks by regulating the flow of water from the Kallang River and Singapore River into the Marina Basin. It prevents the rivers from overflowing and inundating the surrounding areas.

Water Quality Management

The Marina Barrage also contributes to water quality management in Singapore. The reservoir created by the barrage serves as a retention pond, capturing and filtering pollutants before they enter the sea. This helps to improve the water quality in the Marina Basin and downstream areas. Additionally, the barrage prevents saltwater intrusion into the freshwater reservoir, ensuring the availability of clean water for consumption.

Recreation and Leisure

Beyond its water-related functions, the Marina Barrage has become a popular recreational destination. The barrage features a Green Roof that is open to the public, offering panoramic views of the city skyline and the Marina Bay area. Visitors can also enjoy walking, jogging, and cycling along the Marina Barrage Walk, a 3.5-kilometer promenade that runs along the entire length of the barrage.

Key Features and Impacts

Key Features

• Length: 350 meters
• Height: 10 meters
• Number of gates: 18
• Reservoir capacity: 15 million cubic meters
• Flood protection level: 5 meters above sea level

Impacts

• Increased water security for Singapore
• Reduced flood risks in low-lying areas
• Improved water quality in Marina Basin and downstream areas
• Creation of a new recreational destination

Strategies for Sustainable Water Management

The Marina Barrage is a central component of Singapore's comprehensive water management strategies, which include:

• Four National Taps: Diversifying water sources to include local catchments, imported water, desalinated water, and reclaimed water
• Water Conservation: Implementing water-saving measures and promoting responsible water use
• Water Recycling: Treating and reusing wastewater to supplement water supply
• Water Pricing: Establishing appropriate water prices to encourage conservation
• Research and Innovation: Investing in research and development to improve water technologies and management practices

Tips and Tricks for Water Conservation

• Install low-flow appliances: Faucets, showerheads, and toilets with low-flow rates can significantly reduce water consumption.
• Fix leaks promptly: Even small leaks can waste hundreds of liters of water over time.
• Water plants wisely: Water plants only when necessary and avoid overwatering.
• Use mulch: Mulch helps to retain soil moisture, reducing the need for frequent watering.
• Collect rainwater: Install rainwater tanks to collect and store rainwater for non-potable purposes, such as gardening or car washing.

Pros and Cons of the Marina Barrage

Pros

• Increased water security
• Reduced flood risks
• Improved water quality
• Recreation and leisure opportunities
• Icon of Singapore's engineering prowess

Cons

• Construction costs (estimated at S$1.7 billion)
• Potential impact on marine biodiversity (e.g., fish migration)
• Visual impact on the Marina Bay area

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Why was the Marina Barrage built? To enhance Singapore's water security, reduce flood risks, and improve water quality.
2. How much water does the Marina Reservoir hold? Approximately 15 million cubic meters.
3. What is the Green Roof on the Marina Barrage? A public rooftop park with panoramic views of the city skyline.
4. Can you fish at the Marina Barrage? Fishing is not allowed in the Marina Reservoir.
5. Is the Marina Barrage a UNESCO World Heritage Site? No, it is not.
6. What is the estimated lifespan of the Marina Barrage? 100 years.

Conclusion

The Marina Barrage is a multi-faceted infrastructure project that has greatly enhanced Singapore's water security, flood protection, and recreational amenities. As a key element of the city-state's water management strategy, the Marina Barrage continues to play a vital role in ensuring that Singapore has a sustainable and resilient water supply for future generations.

Additional Resources

• PUB Singapore: Marina Barrage
• National Environment Agency: Singapore Water Statistics
• World Wildlife Fund: Singapore's Water Security Challenge

Table 1: Water Storage in Singapore

Source: PUB Singapore

Table 2: Flood Protection Levels in Singapore

Source: PUB Singapore

Table 3: Impact of Marina Barrage on Water Quality in Marina Basin

Source: PUB Singapore