The clean energy revolution is driving unprecedented demand for critical minerals, which are essential for the production of batteries, solar panels, and other renewable energy technologies. As a result, the benchmark prices for these minerals have skyrocketed in recent years, making them a hot topic for investors and policymakers alike.
Benchmark minerals are a group of 10 minerals that have been identified by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) as being critical to the clean energy transition. These minerals include:
Benchmark minerals are used in a wide range of applications, including:
Benchmark minerals are essential for the development of a clean energy future. Without these minerals, it would be impossible to produce the batteries, solar panels, and other technologies that we need to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels.
The demand for benchmark minerals is expected to grow exponentially in the coming years. By 2050, the world will need to produce 40 times more lithium, 20 times more cobalt, and 15 times more nickel than we currently do if we are to meet our climate goals.
This growing demand is putting a strain on global supply chains and driving up prices. In 2021, the price of lithium carbonate increased by more than 400%, and the price of cobalt increased by more than 200%.
Investing in benchmark minerals can be a lucrative proposition. As the demand for these minerals continues to grow, so too will their prices.
There are a number of ways to invest in benchmark minerals, including:
Investing in benchmark minerals is not without risk. The prices of these minerals can be volatile, and there is always the risk that demand will not meet expectations.
Some of the risks associated with investing in benchmark minerals include:
If you are considering investing in benchmark minerals, there are a few things you should keep in mind:
Benchmark minerals are essential for the clean energy revolution. As the demand for these minerals continues to grow, so too will their prices. Investing in benchmark minerals can be a lucrative proposition, but it is important to understand the risks involved before you invest.
Table 1: Global Production of Benchmark Minerals
Mineral | Production (2021) |
---|---|
Lithium | 100,000 metric tons |
Cobalt | 140,000 metric tons |
Nickel | 2.4 million metric tons |
Manganese | 20 million metric tons |
Graphite | 1.1 million metric tons |
Rare earth elements | 170,000 metric tons |
Zirconium | 1.5 million metric tons |
Copper | 20 million metric tons |
Molybdenum | 260,000 metric tons |
Tungsten | 100,000 metric tons |
Table 2: Projected Demand for Benchmark Minerals
Mineral | Projected Demand (2050) |
---|---|
Lithium | 4 million metric tons |
Cobalt | 2.8 million metric tons |
Nickel | 36 million metric tons |
Manganese | 30 million metric tons |
Graphite | 16.5 million metric tons |
Rare earth elements | 2.5 million metric tons |
Zirconium | 2.2 million metric tons |
Copper | 30 million metric tons |
Molybdenum | 3.9 million metric tons |
Tungsten | 1.5 million metric tons |
Table 3: Prices of Benchmark Minerals
Mineral | Price (2021) |
---|---|
Lithium carbonate | $50,000 per metric ton |
Cobalt | $100,000 per metric ton |
Nickel | $20,000 per metric ton |
Manganese | $4,000 per metric ton |
Graphite | $6,000 per metric ton |
Rare earth elements | $200,000 per metric ton |
Zirconium | $10,000 per metric ton |
Copper | $10,000 per metric ton |
Molybdenum | $30,000 per metric ton |
Tungsten | $50,000 per metric ton |
Table 4: Top Producers of Benchmark Minerals
Mineral | Top Producers |
---|---|
Lithium | Australia, Chile, China |
Cobalt | Democratic Republic of Congo, Australia, China |
Nickel | Indonesia, Russia, Canada |
Manganese | South Africa, Australia, China |
Graphite | China, Brazil, India |
Rare earth elements | China, United States, Myanmar |
Zirconium | Australia, South Africa, Brazil |
Copper | Chile, Peru, China |
Molybdenum | China, United States, Chile |
Tungsten | China, United States, Bolivia |
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