Clostridium Difficile Colitis (ICD-10: A04.7)

Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) colitis is a common and potentially serious infection of the colon. Here's what you need to know about C. difficile colitis, including its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment.

Symptoms of C. difficile Colitis

Symptoms of C. difficile colitis can vary, but the most common include:

• Diarrhea (often severe and watery)
• Abdominal pain and cramping
• Fever
• Nausea and vomiting
• Loss of appetite
• Fatigue

Causes of C. difficile Colitis

C. difficile is a bacterium that is normally found in the intestines of healthy adults. In some cases, however, C. difficile can overgrow and produce toxins that damage the colon. This can lead to C. difficile colitis.

Risk factors for C. difficile colitis include:

• Recent antibiotic use (especially clindamycin or fluoroquinolones)
• Hospitalization
• Advanced age
• Weakened immune system

Diagnosis of C. difficile Colitis

C. difficile colitis is diagnosed based on symptoms and a laboratory test that detects the presence of C. difficile toxins in the stool.

Treatment of C. difficile Colitis

Treatment for C. difficile colitis typically involves antibiotics to kill the bacteria. The most commonly used antibiotics for C. difficile colitis are:

• Metronidazole
• Vancomycin
• Fidaxomicin

In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove part of the colon if the infection is severe.

Complications of C. difficile Colitis

C. difficile colitis can lead to a number of complications, including:

• Dehydration
• Electrolyte imbalance
• Toxic megacolon (a life-threatening condition in which the colon becomes paralyzed and distended)
• Death

Prevention of C. difficile Colitis

There are a few things you can do to help prevent C. difficile colitis, including:

• Wash your hands frequently with soap and water
• Avoid contact with people who have C. difficile colitis
• Take antibiotics only when necessary and follow your doctor's instructions carefully
• Get vaccinated against C. difficile (if you are over 65 or have other risk factors)

Conclusion

C. difficile colitis is a common and potentially serious infection of the colon. Symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever. Treatment typically involves antibiotics, but surgery may be necessary in some cases. Prevention of C. difficile colitis includes frequent hand washing, avoiding contact with people who have the infection, taking antibiotics only when necessary, and getting vaccinated.