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Moderate Persistent Asthma ICD-10: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction

Moderate persistent asthma (MPA) is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by frequent and severe asthma symptoms that can significantly impair daily life. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), over 18 million Americans live with asthma, with MPA accounting for approximately 30% of cases.

Classification and Symptoms

MPA falls under the ICD-10 code J45.4 and is diagnosed based on the following criteria:

moderate persistent asthma icd 10

  • Asthma symptoms occur more often than once daily
  • Nighttime awakenings due to asthma occur more than once per week
  • Daily activities are limited by asthma
  • Use of short-acting inhaled beta-agonists (SABA) more than twice weekly

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause of MPA is unknown, but it is believed to be related to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Risk factors include:

  • Family history of asthma
  • Exposure to allergens (e.g., dust mites, pollen)
  • Smoking
  • Obesity
  • Respiratory infections

Consequences of MPA

Untreated MPA can have significant consequences, including:

  • Reduced quality of life
  • Missed work and school days
  • Increased risk of asthma attacks and hospitalizations
  • Permanent lung damage in severe cases

Management Strategies

Moderate Persistent Asthma ICD-10: A Comprehensive Guide

MPA management aims to control symptoms, prevent exacerbations, and improve lung function. The cornerstone of treatment is controller medication, which is typically a daily inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) such as budesonide or fluticasone.

Pharmacotherapy

  • Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS): Primary controller medication
  • Long-acting beta-agonists (LABA): Add-on therapy for improved symptom control
  • Leukotriene modifiers (LTRA): Alternative controller option
  • Theophylline: May be used in combination with other therapies

Lifestyle Modifications

  • Allergen avoidance: Identify and avoid known triggers
  • Smoking cessation: Quitting smoking is crucial for reducing exacerbations
  • Weight management: Obesity can worsen asthma symptoms
  • Exercise: Regular exercise can improve lung function and overall health

Non-Pharmacological Interventions

  • Pulmonary rehabilitation: Educational and exercise programs designed to improve lung function
  • Acupuncture: May provide symptom relief for some individuals
  • Biofeedback: Techniques to control breathing and reduce stress

Step-by-Step Approach to MPA Management

Introduction

  1. Evaluation: Determine severity, evaluate comorbidities, and assess response to initial treatment
  2. Patient Education: Provide information about asthma, medications, and lifestyle modifications
  3. Symptom Control: Adjust medication regimen as needed to achieve control of symptoms
  4. Prevention: Identify and avoid triggers, promote smoking cessation, and manage obesity
  5. Monitor and Adjust: Regularly assess progress, adjust therapy, and refer to specialists as necessary

Tables

Table 1: MPA Symptoms Table 2: MPA Risk Factors Table 3: MPA Medications Table 4: MPA Lifestyle Modifications
Symptoms: Risk Factors: Medications: Modifications:
* Difficulty breathing * Family history * Inhaled corticosteroids * Allergen avoidance
* Wheezing * Exposure to allergens * Long-acting beta-agonists * Smoking cessation
* Coughing * Smoking * Leukotriene modifiers * Weight management
* Chest tightness * Obesity * Theophylline * Exercise
* Nighttime awakenings * Respiratory infections

Conclusion

Moderate persistent asthma is a serious condition that requires ongoing management. By following a comprehensive treatment plan, individuals with MPA can achieve symptom control, prevent exacerbations, and improve their overall health and well-being. Early diagnosis, appropriate medication, and lifestyle modifications are crucial for successful MPA management.

Time:2025-01-01 09:59:56 UTC

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